‘Scholarly peer review (also known as refereeing) is the process of subjecting an author's scholarly work, research, or ideas to the scrutiny of others who are experts in the same field, before a paper describing this work is published in a journal or as a book.’ (Wikipedia definition of Peer Review)
Traditional peer review (single-blinded, double-blinded) has been joined by discussion of new approaches such as post-publication peer review, open peer review, automated peer review.
Getting credit for peer review
Peer Review Week 2017: 11-17 September 2017. Theme: Transparency in Review. #PeerRevWk17
Peer Review Congress